William K.L. Dickson

  • Nascimento: 03/08/1860
  • Local: Chateau St. Buc, Minihic-sur-Ranse, France
  • Idade: 166 anos
  • Filmes: 194

William Kennedy-Laurie Dickson (Le Minihic-sur-Rance, 3 de agosto de 1860 – Twickenham, 28 de setembro de 1935) foi um inventor escocês que criou uma câmera cinematográfica pioneira enquanto trabalhava para Thomas Edison, tendo sido precedido nesse intento apenas por Louis Le Prince.

Aos 19 anos de idade, em 1879, William Dickson escreveu uma carta a Thomas Edison à procura de emprego com o inventor, mas não foi atendido. Nesse mesmo ano Dickson, sua mãe, e duas irmãs se mudaram da Inglaterra para a Virgínia.

Em 1883 ele finalmente foi contratado para trabalhar no laboratório de Menlo Park, de Edison, que em 1888 concebeu um aparelho que "faria para olho o que o fonógrafo faz para o ouvido". Em outubro, Edison apresentou uma pedido preliminar de patentejunto ao escritório de patentes dos Estados Unidos descrevendo os seus planos para o dispositivo. Em março de 1889 um segundo pedido preliminar foi apresentado, em que o dispositivo cinematográfico recebeu um nome, Cinetoscópio. Dickson, na época o fotógrafo oficial da empresa de Edison, foi designado para transformar o conceito em realidade.

William Dickson, inventou a primeira película de celulóide destinada especificamente para esta aplicação. Ele cortou uma filme em rolo convencional, que na época era de 70 mm de largura, e perfurou as laterais das tiras 35 mm resultantes, criando assim o padrão de filme de 35 mm até hoje em uso em cinema e fotografia.

Em seguida William Dickson e sua equipe, do laboratório de Edison, trabalharam por vários anos no desenvolvimento do Cinetoscópio. O primeiro protótipo foi apresentado em maio de 1891, e o design do sistema foi finalizado no outono de 1892. A versão completa do Cinetoscópio foi revelada oficialmente no Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences em 9 de maio de 1893. Esse equipamento não consiste tecnicamente em um projetor, e sim em uma máquina de peep show. Ele mostrava em loop contínuo o filme que Dickson havia inventado, que era iluminado por uma lâmpada inventada por Edison. O filme era visto individualmente por cada espectador, através de uma janela que funcionava como visor, instalada em uma das paredes do equipamento. Contudo, o Cinetoscópio introduziu o processo de base que viria a ser o padrão para todas projeções cinematográficas anteriores ao advento do vídeo.

William Dickson e sua equipe também desenvolveram o Cinetógrafo, uma forma inovadora de câmeras de cinema para filmar experimentos de sua empresa e, eventualmente, apresentações comerciais do Cinetoscópio.

Conhecido(a) por:

Dickson Greeting

Self 5.0

Dickson Experimental Sound Film

Self 6.1

A Hand Shake

3.6

Horse Shoeing

Self 3.0

General Buller Embarking on the 'Dunottar Castle' at Southampton

Self 4.5

Venice, Feeding the Pigeons in St. Mark's Square

Man on left of picture 5.0

Neapolitan Dance at the Ancient Forum of Pompeii

Self 5.0

Monkeyshines, No. 1

Director 5.0

Monkeyshines, No. 2

Director 4.7

Monkeyshines, No. 3

Director 3.5

Cena do Ferreiro

Director 5.6

Edison Kinetoscopic Record of a Sneeze

Producer 4.8

Carmencita

Director 5.2

Newark Athlete

Producer 4.6

Caicedo (with Pole)

Producer 6.1

Men Boxing

Producer 4.3

Annabelle Butterfly Dance

Producer 5.6

The Barber Shop

Producer 5.1

Fencing

Producer 3.7

Sandow: The Strong Man

Producer 5.1

Athlete with Wand

Producer 4.0

Cock Fight, No. 2

Producer 3.8

Pope Leo XIII in His Carriage

Director 5.3

Amann, the Great Impersonator

Director 6.5

Sandow

Director 5.3

The Cock Fight

Director 4.3

Glenroy Brothers (Comic Boxing)

Director 4.9

Buffalo Dance

Director 4.9

Sioux Ghost Dance

Director 4.9

Annie Oakley

Director 6.0

Rip Leaving Sleepy Hollow

Director 4.4

Rip Van Winkle

Director 4.2

Rip's Twenty Years' Sleep

Director 4.4

Rip's Toast

Director 4.3

Annabelle in Flag Dance

Director 1.0

Hard Wash

Director 1.0

Charge of the French Cuirassiers – Paris

Director 0.0

American Falls from Goat Island

Director 0.0

American Falls from Luna Island

Director 0.0

Military Exercise - Aldershot

Director 0.0

Pope Leo XIII Resting on His Way to His Summer Villa

Director 9.0

The Queen and the Queen Mother on the Palace Balcony Responding to the Call of the Populace (Coronation of Wilhelmina)

Director 0.0

The Vatican Military Guard, Consisting of a Detachment of Noble Guards, Commanded by Count Pecci, Followed by a Palatine Guard of Honour, Swiss Guard, Gendarmes and Fire Brigade

Director 0.0

The Royal Procession to the Church before the Ceremony (Coronation of Wilhelmina)

Director 0.0

Arrival of the Queen at the Palace, Amsterdam, Sept 6th (Coronation of Wilhelmina)

Director 0.0

The Royal Procession from the Church after the Ceremony (Coronation of Wilhelmina)

Director 0.0

Pope Leo XIII Walking at Twilight, No. 1

Director 7.0

Review of the Royal Netherland Guards in the Costumes of the Middle Ages (Coronation of Wilhelmina Guard of Honor)

Director 0.0

Prof. Welton's Boxing Cats

Director 5.9

Corbett e Courtney Antes do Cinetógrafo

Director 4.8

Cena na Lavanderia Chinesa

Director 5.3

Dança Imperial Japonesa

Director 4.6

Bucking Broncho

Director 4.5

Leonard-Cushing Fight

Director 5.3

Band Drill

Director 3.8

Hadj Cheriff

Director 4.6

Crissie Sheridan

Director 4.8

Billy Edwards and the Unknown

Director 3.9

Luis Martinetti, Contortionist

Director 5.4

Fire Rescue Scene

Director 5.3

Rei João

Director 4.9

The Hornbacker-Murphy Fight

Director 4.7

Robetta and Doretto, No. 1

Director 2.3

Serpentine Dance by Annabelle

Director 5.6

Rats and Terrier No. 2

Director 1.0

Rats and Terrier No. 3

Director 1.3

Rats and Weasel

Director 1.3

Awakening of Rip

Director 4.2

The Grand Canal, Venice

Director 3.7

Dancing Darkies

Director 4.8

A West Indian Woman Bathing a Baby

Director 2.0

Buffalo Bill

Director 3.7

Bath Scene

Director 5.3

De boulevard van Scheveningen

Director 4.3

The Pickaninny Dance from the “Passing Show”

Director 4.4

Annabelle Sun Dance

Director 4.8

Man on Parallel Bars

Director 3.1

Trained Bears

Director 2.8

Wrestling

Director 3.4

Duncan or Devonald with Muslin Cloud

Director 3.2

Monkey and Another, Boxing

Director 4.0

Duncan and Another, Blacksmith Shop

Director 3.6

Duncan Smoking

Director 4.1

Chinese Opium Den

Director 2.8

Glenroy Bros., No. 2

Director 5.0

Dance

Director 3.8

Corpus Christi Procession, Orvieto

Director 5.5

McKinley at Home, Canton, Ohio

Director of Photography 4.5

Duel to the Death

Director 7.0

View on Boulevard, New York City

Director 6.0

Little Egypt

Producer 3.5

Sua Santità papa Leone XIII

Director 5.0

New Blacksmith Shop

Director 3.8

Capuchin Monks in Vatican City

Director 6.0

Panoramic View of Conway on the L. & N.W. Railway

Director 7.5

Panoramic View of Frere Camp Taken from the Front of an Armoured Train, November 29th, 1899

Director of Photography 0.0

Bloemfontein: Unfurling the Flag

Director of Photography 6.0

A Tug in a Heavy Sea

Director of Photography 8.0

A Watermelon Feast

Director 3.5

Tambourine Dance by Annabelle

Director 9.0

A Bar Room Scene

Director 4.3

Ruth Dennis

Director 3.5

Boxing Match

Director 4.8

Pope Leo XIII and Count Pecci, No. 1

Director 9.0

Fred Ott Holding a Bird

Director 6.3

Japanese Dancers

Producer 6.0

Brook Trout Fishing

Director 5.3

Fatima

Director 9.0

Sound Money Parade

Director 8.0

Water Polo - Worthing Swimming Club

Director 6.5

Highland Dance

Director 2.6

Indian War Council

Director 1.6

Mexican Knife Duel

Director 1.4

Rat Killing

Director 2.7

Lasso Thrower

Director 1.6

Wrestling Match

Director 3.2

Exit of Rip and the Dwarf

Director 4.2

Rip Passing Over the Mountain

Director 4.4

Rip's Toast to Hudson

Director 4.5

Rip Meeting the Dwarf

Director 4.4

Me and My Two Friends

Director of Photography 6.7

He and She

Director 4.5

Afternoon Tea in the Gardens of Clarence House

Director of Photography 2.5

Repairing the Broken Bridge at Frere

Director of Photography 8.0

Pope Leo XIII Leaving Carriage and Being Ushered Into Garden, No. 104

Director 5.6

Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race

Director of Photography 7.0

Pelicans at the Zoo

Director of Photography 5.0

Tapping a Blast Furnace

Director of Photography 6.5

Launch of the Worthing Lifeboat Coming Ashore

Director of Photography 7.0

Launch of the Worthing Lifeboat Emerging from the Boathouse

Director of Photography 9.0

Australian Cricket Tourists of 1899

Director of Photography 0.0

The Lane on Sunday Morning

Director of Photography 7.0

Launch of the 'Oceanic'

Director of Photography 8.3

Pope Leo XIII Carried through the Vatican Loggia on His Way to the Sistine Chapel

Director 4.7

Rifle Hill Signal Station near Frere Camp

Director of Photography 7.0

Battle of Spion Kop: Ambulance Corps Crossing the Tugela River

Director of Photography 5.6

Gordon Highlanders in Ladysmith

Director of Photography 7.5

Panoramic View of the Vegetable Market at Venice

Director of Photography 7.0

Ladysmith – Naval Brigade Dragging 4.7 Guns into Ladysmith

Director of Photography 7.7

Naval Guns Firing at Colenso

Director of Photography 0.0

Panorama of Ealing from a Moving Tram

Director of Photography 4.3

Has He Hit Me?

Director 4.0

James Grundy, Buck and Wing

Director 3.0

Butterfly Dances

Director 5.0

Les Parisiennes

Director 4.8

Place de la Concorde

Director 6.9

Coronation of Queen Wilhelmina of Holland (No. 1)

Director 2.0

Venice, harbour scene with gondolas

Director 6.5

Tram Journey through Southampton

Director 6.5

Irish Mail – L.& N.W. Railway – Taking up Water at Full Speed

Director 5.7

Four Warships in Rough Seas

Director 8.3

Bloemencorso te Haarlem op 4 Juni 1899

Director 6.0

Home Life of a Hungarian Family

Director 5.7

Funeral Procession of the Misericordia

Director 4.5

Fun on a Sand Hill

Director 8.5

Warships at Sunset

Director 6.3

Man Overboard!

Director 8.0

In a German Bath

Director 8.0

In the Friedrichstrasse

Director 8.0

Molens van de Zaanstreek

Director 7.0

Battleship Odin Firing All Her Guns

Director 4.5

From War to Peace: First Departure of S.S. 'St. Louis' from Southampton

Director 6.0

Changing Guard (Berlin)

Director 8.0

Panorama of Grand Harbour, Malta, Showing Battleships, Etc.

Director 6.5

Hollandse Visservloot

Director 6.5

Visserijvlootrevue bij Muiden

Director 6.0

From Monte Carlo to Monaco

Director 7.0

A Blast at the Solvay Quarries

Director 6.0

Panoramic View of Windsor Castle

Director 6.0

Upside Down Boxers

Director 6.3

A Camp of Zingaree Gypsies

Director 7.0

Away Aloft

Director 7.0

Firing the Maxim Gun

Director 5.0

Maidenhead Junction

Director 6.0

Hiram Maxim and His Quick-firing Gun

Director 6.7

London Fire Brigade, Alarm

Director 7.5

French Military School Exercise

Director 6.0

The Tarantella, an Italian Dance

Director 7.0

Naar 't Tolhuis

Director 4.0

The Bridge of Sighs, Venice

Director 4.0

Scheveningen, Dutch Fishing Boats

Director 6.3

Annabelle Dança Serpentina

Director 6.0

Charge of the Carabineers, Aldershot

Director 1.0

English Nell

Director 0.0

An Obstinate Cork

Director 4.8

Rudge-Whitworth – Britain’s Best Bicycle

Director 6.5

Annabelle Dances and Dances

Director 4.0

Pope Leo XIII Being Seated Bestowing Blessing

Director 5.3

Ten Pickaninnies

Director 4.3

The Landing of Savage South Africa at Southampton

Director 5.5

Newark athlete. [No. 2]

Director 3.5

Mlle. Capitaine

Director 2.0

Nabbed by the Nipper

Director 10.0

Mr. Hurry-up

Director 5.8

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